Reviews

Literary theory and criticism have developed over the course of more than 3000 years, starting with Aristotle and even Plato and Socrates, and it took many forms based on the time period or conditions within which the theory arose. Literary theory is basically seeking an answer to why we read and produce literature and what makes a work of literature good while literary criticism is the appliance of the theory in practice to evaluate or understand a work of literature. There have been many ways to read a text throughout the history but as for Arthur Miller’s “Death of a Salesman”, I will use certain methods to do a close reading into the selected 20 lines from the text. These are Platonian reading, Aristotelian reading, Horacian reading, Russian Formalism, and lastly Psychoanalytic or Freudian reading. ...

Arthur Miller is one of the greatest playwrights of the 20th century who was born in 1915 and was awarded a Pulitzer Price. His legacy will without doubt live forever defying aging and time because they deal with the social realities and the nature of people that all of humanity possessed here and there. His inclination to communism rendered him as a critic of the capitalism that climbed towards its peak in the 20th century, and he wittingly criticized capitalism and the inner nature of people with successful allegories. ...

There are many candidates for the first English novel starting from Le Morte d’Arthur from 15th century to Gulliver’s Travels from the 18th century, however, Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe is widely accepted as the first English novel and thusly, in- 18th century occurred the rise of the novel in English. Among these candidates appears a common theme of travel and this theme has been kept using for a long while later than the first novels. Actually, travel accounts and writings were already common in other genres so it is not a surprise that it was applied to this newly emerging genre. ...

** Kubla Khan by Samuel Taylor Coleridge: A Translation into Turkish by Emrecan Koç** Kübilay Han-Samuel Taylor Coleridge ** Yahut bir görü, düş içinden bir kesit. ** Aziz Alp nehrinin, insanoğlunun ölçüsünü Aşan oymakları arasından, Güngörmez nehre aktığı yolda, Xanadu’da, verdi inşa hükmünü Kubilay Han Görkemli safa kümbetinin. Surlar ve burçlarla çevrelenmiş Yirmibeş dekarlık mümbit toprak; Ve ışıltılı, büklüm büklüm oluklarıyla, İçlerinde buhur kokulu ağaçlar olan bahçeler, Ve nebetat’ın gün düşen yüzünü sarıp sarmalayan, ...

The Epic of Gilgamesh Through a Comparative Perspective I have chosen Gilgamesh as my Eastern Hero as it fascinates me in the way it is the oldest epic of humanity, allowing me to have a glance of the culture and thought of people who lived thousands of years ago. We have the story thanks to the surviving tablets of the text in fragments;however, we unfortunately have some missing fragments of the story. According to the story, the glorious Gilgamesh is the king of a walled city called Uruk. He is a godlike figure and a glorious, handsome, wise warrior. ...

The 18th century of Britain had suffered from various issues. Most of these issues were results of the growth in population. The wealth wasn’t divided equally either, leading society to be divided into classes, which would be a fundamental issue for the next centuries.One of the most important issues of the period was crime, which took a highlighted role in the newly growing literature form: novel. The Industrial Revolution changed the life of each single person forever. While some have lost their jobs to their rivals, machines, some grow richer thanks to the same machines. Now some works could be done much faster and professionally. The Industrial Revolution would also create a mass production culture and eventually lead to consumerism in the upcoming centuries. ...

The Cask of Amontillado, written by Edgar Ellan Poe was first published in 1846 in a women’s magazine called “Godey’s Lady’s Book. The author, both a writer and a literary critic and theoretician is considered to be the master, and sometimes father of horror. He is also known to be the father of the short story genre and he published an article in the same year as this short story, which is called The Philosophy of Composition that glorifies the Short Story genre. (Sova,45) ...

The novel in the 18th century was fledgeling and there was not an established style, however, most of the novels of the period featured satiric and realistic styles, realistic novels being the most prominent. I will examine early English novels in my article to show the prominence of realistic novels over satiric novels by exemplifying from the novels and comparing them to the period in which they were written. First of all, when I use the term realistic novel, I mean the novels that feature everyday characters with ordinary names in their casual routines and original plots unlike traditional ones as Watt’s Formal Realism suggests and most importantly, real settings with geographical and minute details, basing on real events that have happened or may happen in real life. By the term satirical novel, I mean the novels that aim to highlight the shortcomings of society or the political system through ridiculing, mimicking, mocking the acknowledged norms of society in order to change the corruption and establish a decorum. ...

There are many candidates for the first English novel starting from Le Morte d’Arthur from 15th century to Gulliver’s Travels from the 18th century, however, Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe is widely accepted as the first English novel and thusly, in- 18th century occurred the rise of the novel in English. Among these candidates appears a common theme of travel and this theme has been kept using for a long while later than the first novels. Actually, travel accounts and writings were already common in other genres so it is not a surprise that it was applied to this newly emerging genre. There are countless reasons behind its usage back then such as the advancements in science which led to the geographical discoveries and the discovery of the New World along with the renaissance movement throughout Europe which not only led scientific and literary innovations but also led politic and philosophic breakthroughs, through which people relocated heavens on earth and started to value themselves as individu- als who are able to think for themselves. All those changes led the common theme of travel writing because people constantly wanted to discover more and go beyond what has already been gone. Their enthusiasm led countless voyages towards the unknown and they always kept track on what they saw in the forms of travel reports. The first novels heavily relied on travel writing and even the first valid English novel “Robinson Crusoe” by Daniel Defoe was completely about a travel theme where the English colo- nialism was satirized and where the believability of the novel, which was back then an expected feature of a novel, could easily be implemented on the travel theme. ...

The juxtaposition of Mexico and United States in the painting fascinated me at first glance for its representative quality. I loved the painting because of the little details such as the roots of the vegetation and the label of Ford. In general, the painting can be divided vertically, Kahlo herself representing the dividend. On the left side, the sun and moon are in the firmament in their clouds, whose interaction causes a lightning and also the left side features a ruined temple below which are some flowers, all representing Mexico. As for the right side, there is a cloud coming from a factory of Ford, along with some mechanical devices painted below. The cloud contains the flag of the United States with its stars against the moon and the sun on the left side. All of those represent the industrialization of the United States, which is presented as a negative feature. ...